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Polonnaruwa is a city in Sri Lanka, whose origins date back to the 11th century. It is located in the interior of the island and is the administrative center of the district of the same name.

The modern part of the city is often referred to as the "New City", the historical part of the city contains monuments to the medieval kingdom of Polonnaruwa.

The city was founded in the 11th century during the reign of the Indian Chola dynasty and was the capital of the Sinhalese kingdom of the same name. During its heyday in the 12th century, extensive gardens, a large number of Buddha statues, many palaces and other buildings were built here, which still exist in a relatively well-preserved state.

The golden age of the city and the kingdom was the reign of King Parakramabahu I.

Since 1982, this entire ancient city has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.